sexta-feira, fevereiro 07, 2020

209 anos de enchentes



Por que uma tragédia precisa se repetir indefinidamente? Faz 209 anos que uma enchente devastadora assolou a cidade do Rio de Janeiro, entre os dias 10 e 17 de fevereiro de 1811, e que ficou conhecida como as “águas do monte”, pois a chuva descia dos muitos morros do centro do Rio e alagava tudo, provocando deslizamentos, desmoronamentos e muitas mortes.

De lá para cá, pelo visto nada mudou. Quer dizer, mudou para pior, pois a cidade se alastrou, sem nenhum planejamento urbano, e hoje apresenta uma situação para a qual não vejo solução, da mesma forma que em São Paulo as enchentes do Tietê vão continuar provocando o caos na cidade.

Nas “águas do monte”, parte do extinto morro do Castelo, berço da cidade, desmoronou, levando junto muitas casas. As igrejas da cidade acabaram acolhendo os muitos desabrigados, por ordem do príncipe D. João, e o principal meio de transporte na cidade acabou sendo a canoa, herança dos indígenas (chegou a haver uma batalha de canoas na Baía de Guanabara na época da guerra entre portugueses contra franceses e tamoios pela conquista da cidade) e que encontra sua referência nas balsas dos bombeiros hoje em dia para tirar gente de lugares inundados.

Segundo conta o importante historiador Vieira Fazenda, citado por José Antônio Nonato e Núbia Melhem Santos no excelente livro “Era uma vez o morro do Castelo”, começou a chover torrencialmente às 11 da manhã do dia 10 e “a borrasca, longe de amainar, continuou incessante durante sete longos dias de verdadeiro suplício para os habitantes desta heróica e leal cidade” (Era uma vez o morro do Castelo, José Antônio Nonato e Nubia Melhem). As ruas, assim como hoje, viraram “caudalosos rios”, o Campo de Santana se transformou em uma grande lagoa e muita gente morreu soterrada nas casas que ruíram com a grande massa de terra que desceu do morro do Castelo, principalmente as casas do antigo Beco do Cotovelo, na parte do morro que ficava defronte à Ilha das Cobras.

Uma canção muito popular no século XIX guardou na memória dos cariocas a tragédia de 1811. Dizia:

Vem cá Bitu! Vem cá Bitu!
Vem cá, vem cá, vem cá...
Não vou lá, não vou lá, não vou lá,
Tenho medo de apanhar!

Cadê o teu camarada?
Água do Monte o levou...
Não foi água, não foi nada,
Foi cachaça que o matou.

Registrada por Santa Ana Nery, a letra de “Vem cá Bitu!” deve ser acompanhada pela melodia da cantiga de roda “Cai, cai, balão” e Bitu, segundo conta Vieira Fazenda, parece ter existido mesmo. Teria sido um dos mortos entre as casas soterradas pelo morro do Castelo.
Sua triste cantiga, pelo visto, ecoa até hoje entre os escombros desta cidade que não consegue absorver as tais intempéries da natureza.

Texto do livro Fragmentos do Rio Antigo, meu e de Ronaldo Morais.

Postado neste blog por Adinalzir Pereira Lamego

26 comentários:

Unknown disse...

Foram 86 anos de Monarquia Constitucional até o golpe Republicano Escravocrata de 1889, da lá pra cá foram 130 anos de mazelas pelo Brasil incluindo nossa Cidade Maravilhosa de São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro !!A República nunca deu certo no Brasil, são traifores do primeiro até o último incluindo o Oficiais Superiores e Generais Clube Militar RJ que todo ano comemora o golpe de 1889 !!

Jonathan Pôrto disse...

130 anos de golpe escravocrata Republicano e os Generais ainda comemoram esse absurdo que é a República no Club3 Militar do Rio de Janeiro? Como eles conseguem se orgulhar disso? São traidores do primeiro ao último !!

Adinalzir disse...

E isso aí Jonathan Porto!
Enchentes no Império e na República.
Tudo a ver!

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